北朝鮮・チベット・中国人権ウォッチ

新疆の服役女性に人権賞(産経新聞＝共同通信　04.09.24)

(レビヤ・カディールさん　東トルキスタン情報センター)

　ノルウェーに本部があるラフト人権財団は２３日、今年の人権賞受賞者に中国新疆ウイグル自治区の著名な女性実業家で、中国で実刑判決を受けて服役中のレビヤ・カディールさん（５８）を選出したと発表した。女性の権利向上などに対するカディールさんの取り組みを評価した。

　同財団などによると、カディールさんはウイグル族の独立活動家に対する処罰を報じた地元紙の記事を米国にいる夫に送り、海外に不法に情報提供した国家安全危害罪で２０００年３月に懲役８年の実刑判決を受けた。その後、減刑され０６年に出所する予定。

(略)

http://www.sankei.co.jp/news/040924/kok005.htm

・(関連)(Imprisoned Uyghur businesswoman awarded 2004 Rafto Prize(The Thorolf Rafto Foundation for Human Rights, 9/23/2004)　ラオガイリサーチファンデーション　04.09.23)

THE RAFTO PRIZE 2004

The Professor Thorolf Rafto Memorial Prize for 2004 is awarded to Rebiya Kadeer, from the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR), People's Republic of China. Kadeer is a prisoner of conscience and a prominent symbol of the Uighurs' struggle for basic human rights.

Serious violations of human rights in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region

The Uighurs count eight million people and constitute half of the population in Xinjiang. They are a Turkic speaking people and primarily Muslim. Although Xinjiang was given the status of autonomous region in 1955, millions of Chinese immigrants have been sent to the region and the Chinese have taken progressively more control politically and economically. Based on a variety of sources, the Rafto Foundation has documented widespread violations of Uighurs' civil, political, economic, social, religious and cultural rights.

Thousands of Uighurs are imprisoned, and Xinjiang is the only region in China where it is publicly known that political prisoners have been executed in modern times. So far this year, 50 Uighurs have been sentenced to death (source: Reuters, 13th of September 2004). Several human rights organizations criticize China for using the war against terror following the attacks on 11th of September 2001, as a pretext for repressing Uighurs, including those who through peaceful means are fighting for their rights. In its latest report from the 7th of July 2004, Amnesty International claims that "With today's level of repression, the space for independent expression of Uighur cultural or religious identity is narrowing dangerously".

China must give the Uighurs cultural and religious freedom
China is a country with several geographically concentrated ethnic and linguistic groups. When ethnic and religious groups are discriminated against and repressed, they often respond by mobilizing along ethnic and religious lines of demarcation. This contributes to a polarization of societies and nations, creates fertile ground for hatred, and threatens peace and development. This is the case in Xinjiang today, where some Uighurs and militant groups are waging a violent struggle for independence.

Through this award, the Rafto Foundation directs a strong appeal to the Chinese government to respect and protect the civil, economic and cultural rights of the Uighurs as well as other minorities in China.


Rebiya Kadeer
Rebiya Kadeer (58) has distinguished herself in the struggle for the rights of the Uighurs and against social and economic marginalization. She has made significant contributions to securing women's rights and in 1997 she founded the "Thousand Mothers Movement" to promote job training and employment for Uighur women. Kadeer also established evening schools for Uighurs who did not have the opportunity to go to ordinary school. "It is our moral obligation to help the ones in need, and we must leave no one behind", is her humanistic message.

Kadeer is described as a charismatic entrepreneur and successful business woman. In the 1990s she emerged as a symbol for how minorities could succeed in China. In recognition of her significant contribution to women's rights, Kadeer was appointed to the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference and the Xinjiang Regional People's Congress. She was also a delegate to the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in 1995.

Her relationship to the Chinese government worsened progressively following the emigration of her husband, Sidik Rouzi, to the U.S.A. in 1996. Rouzi, a former political prisoner, has been an outspoken critic of Chinese rule in Xinjiang. Amongst other activities, he has testified in the United States Congress. The government confiscated Rebiya Kadeer's passport and harassment by police was accompanied by further restrictions on her movements up until her arrest in August 1999. Rebiya Kadeer has paid a high price for criticizing China's longstanding repression of the Uighurs in Xinjiang. In March 2000 she was sentenced to eight years imprisonment following a secret trial where neither Kadeer nor her lawyer had the opportunity to argue her case. Her sentence was later reduced by one year and Kadeer is expected to be paroled on the 12th of August 2006.

The Rafto Foundation is worried about Kadeer's health and asks for her immediate and unconditional release. (以下略)

http://www.laogai.org/news/newsdetail.php?id=2170

・(関連)ウイグル女性実業家で収監中のラビヤ・カディルが減刑へ(東トルキスタン情報センター　04.03.06)

　“外国組織に国家機密情報を違法に提供した”罪で逮捕され、懲役８年の刑に服しているウイグル女性実業家ラビヤ・カディル女史（５７歳）が１年間減刑されたようだ。３月３日に、アメリカの人権組織が発表した。
　アメリカダイアログの基金会の声明によると、新疆ウイグル自治区女子刑務所に収監中のラビヤ・カディル女史は２００６年８月１２日に釈放される予定。

　2004年2月、アメリカは国務省による「2003年世界人権報告」を発表した。日本では北朝鮮に関する記述を中心に報道されたようだが、中国もかなり厳しく批判されていた。これに対し、中国は中国国務院新聞弁公室が「03年米国人権記録」を出し、その中でアメリカを批判し返すことで、反論してみせた。
　しかし、3月5日に全人代が開幕することもあり、アメリカの批判をとりあえずかわす狙いか、漢族の民主活動家・王有才氏と、チベットの尼僧のプンツォク・ニドン女史を釈放した。ただ、残念ながらラビア・カディル女史だけは、減刑という形になってしまった。

　女史は１９９９年９月に、中国当局によってウルムチで逮捕された。当時ラビヤ・カディル女史は、正式に中国を訪問中だったアメリカの国会議員と会おうとしたところ（崑崙賓館の前で）を逮捕されたのである。
裁判ではアメリカ在住の夫（を通して国連）に、東トルキスタンで発行された新聞記事を送ろうとしたことが、国家機密漏洩にあたるとされ、逮捕され、２０００年３月１０日に有罪となり、懲役８年の実刑判決が確定した。
　人権基金会よると、中国政府は“ラビヤ・カディル女史の“改過自新”（日本でいう服役態度）を考えて１年減刑と、もっと“大人しくしてくれれば”または1年以上の減刑”と語ったそうだ。

　日本の雑誌やテレビで彼女の名前が報じられることはほとんどないようだが、彼女は非常に有名な人物である。彼女は知的な美貌の持ち主であり、貧しい農民がほとんどの東トルキスタンのウイグル人の中にあって、起業に成功し、資産家となり、ウイグル人の希望の星のような存在となった。そのラビヤ・カディル女史の逮捕は、多くのウイグル人を失望させ、海外でも非常に注目された。アメリカ国会と国連人権委員会は２０００年３月に、“証拠が不十分であり、釈放すべきだ”と中国に要求している。(以下略)

http://www.uygur.org/japan/et/2004/0306.htm